The introduction of copper coinage in England

The introduction of copper coinage in England

How did copper coinage arrive in English pockets to complement silver and what can we learn from its introduction?

Mohur, rupee, dam: Indian trimetallism

Mohur, rupee, dam: Indian trimetallism

In this essay, we examine the ‘trimetallic’ initiative operated in India during the early Mughal period.

Divergence of Austrian from Mengerian tradition

Divergence of Austrian from Mengerian tradition

In this essay, we examine the differences in methodology between Menger and his so-called academic descendants.

Silver coin and grain; first part

Silver coin and grain; first part

How do we find the 'grain mass,' from which silver coins such as the rupee or dollar, are demarcated?

Goldsmiths lecture series

Goldsmiths lecture series

Lecture notes for the New Austrian School's Goldsmiths lecture series held in October 2014. Lecturers: Antal Fekete; Rudolph Fritsch; Peter van Coppenolle and Sandeep Jaitly. Guest lecturers: Simon Baxter; David van der Linden; Dorisz Albrecht and Tamas Barczikay.

The assignat and wheat arbitrage

The assignat and wheat arbitrage

Was this 'assignat' of revolutionary France doomed to failure as 'money' from the start? What happens when someone moves wheat from Paris to Bordeaux?

Rice and Gold - The Birth of Futures

Rice and Gold - The Birth of Futures

When did we first record the trading of agricultural futures? What can we learn from that in today's context with the nonsense of monetary fiat?

Bills of exchange and 'working classes.'

Bills of exchange and 'working classes.'

How do bills of exchange and futures fit together?

'National debts' and bills of exchange: C18th London

'National debts' and bills of exchange: C18th London

An overview of the birth of 'national debt' and our current situation.

Course of the Exchange, Christmas 2018

Course of the Exchange, Christmas 2018

The cutler's tale.

The Council

The Council

How mayoral duty of care has changed into mayoral landlordism.

Seasons of gasoline and silver

Seasons of gasoline and silver

A famous episode in the silver pits remembered.

Process of tokenisation.

Process of tokenisation.

This essay serves those who wish to create their own 'tokens' such as bitcoins or dollars.

Trade today

Trade today

Trade today; its distortion under fiat; of 'gaps' and coincidental proposal of 'decipherment' of Indus Saraswati script.

Televisions and exchange

Televisions and exchange

From 'old' to 'new' televisions: investigation into changes in underlying goods making up goods used for a similar purpose.

Bids, offers and clearing under zero flux

Bids, offers and clearing under zero flux

Mechanical expansion on 'Trade today.' Basis and co-basis.

In loving memory

In loving memory

In loving memory of Antal Fekete, 1932-2020.

Coinage: from divine figures to military portraiture

Coinage: from divine figures to military portraiture

Production and use of coinage has accompanied growth of civilization but since the birth of surviving coinage starting from c.2,500 years ago, civilization has been far from civil.

Henry VIII: a particular example of a prevalent type.

Henry VIII: a particular example of a prevalent type.

‘Monetary fiat’ – subtler than ‘paper money.’ Covert usury/overtly tradable. Feudal estates to mobile apps. Reasoning for ‘state bank.’

Bills of exchange, assignment and endorsement.

Bills of exchange, assignment and endorsement.

Bills of exchange, assignment and endorsement.

The Colony of Massachusetts Bay and its debt

The Colony of Massachusetts Bay and its debt

In a previous essay, Henry VIII’s ‘fiscal and monetary actions’ were examined. Of more relevance to Americans today would be ‘The Colony of Massachusetts Bay’ and its subsequent debt.

Inflation? Or deflation?

Inflation? Or deflation?

This short piece takes a closer look at current narratives around 'inflation' and 'money printing.' Is everything as it appears to be?

Notes on bill of exchange circulation and growing produce.

Notes on bill of exchange circulation and growing produce.

Notes on bill of exchange circulation amongst a horticultural collective: presented in chronological order.

Council spending on roads

Council spending on roads

How does 'the council,' with its various 'political agendas,' uphold and fund building of new roads v. maintenance of current ones? This essay expands on th

Born into the cult

Born into the cult

Someone born into 'the cult' speaks out...

Spinning Plates: Motivational Preface.

Spinning Plates: Motivational Preface.

Motivational preface behind upcoming paper: exchange of quantities against other quantities.